NCERT Solutions for Class 7 have been written in a teacher-first style to help you move from basics to exam-ready answers. Each chapter across Mathematics, Science, Social Science, and English is covered with clear steps, neat explanations, and model responses that match the CBSE approach to competency-based questions.
As you read, treat every solution like a small lesson. First, understand the concept, then see how the working steps are written, and finally notice the short conclusion line that examiners love. This simple routine—concept → method → concluding statement—improves accuracy and presentation in all subjects.
Below, you’ll find compact tables for quick revision followed by detailed guidance paragraphs. Use them as your daily practice kit. The aim is to build strong fundamentals now so that Class 8–10 becomes smoother, especially in core areas like algebra, geometry, life processes, geography mapping, grammar, and writing skills.
Table of Contents
- Class 7 Subject Overview & Outcomes
- NCERT Class 7 Maths – Chapters, Skills & Formulas
- NCERT Class 7 Science – Themes, Experiments & Reasoning
- NCERT Class 7 Social Science – History, Civics & Geography
- NCERT Class 7 English – Literature, Grammar & Writing
- 7-Day Study Plan & Daily Targets
- Frequently Asked Questions
Class 7 Subject Overview & Outcomes
What You Will Be Able To Do After Mastering These Solutions
| Subject | Core Focus | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | Integers, Fractions & Decimals, Simple Equations, Triangles, Congruence, Perimeter & Area, Algebraic Expressions | Write steps clearly, apply formulas, check with quick estimates |
| Science | Nutrition, Respiration, Heat, Acids–Bases–Salts, Physical & Chemical Changes, Electric Current & Its Effects | Explain processes with diagrams, write inference lines, link to daily life |
| Social Science | History (Medieval India), Civics (State Govt., Media), Geography (Environment, Air, Water, Human–Environment) | Use cause–effect, timelines, maps, and structured short answers |
| English | Prose & Poetry (Honeycomb), Supplementary Reader (An Alien Hand), Grammar & Writing | Support answers with evidence, maintain tone & format in writing |
- This overview builds a mental map of Class 7. Each subject has a signature way of earning marks: Maths rewards stepwise solutions and unit discipline;
- Science values labelled diagrams and the trio—Aim, Procedure, Observation/Inference;
- Social Science appreciates timelines, definitions in one line, and case-based reasoning;
- English assesses comprehension, clarity, and adherence to formats. Keep this “marking lens” in mind as you practise solutions.
Before starting a chapter, skim its learning outcomes: what skill is being trained—calculation, explanation, comparison, or evaluation? Then, when you read a solution, match each step to that skill. This habit makes revision purposeful and fast.
NCERT Class 7 Maths – Chapters, Skills & Formulas
Chapter Spread & Where Students Usually Make Mistakes
| Chapter | Key Skill | Common Error |
|---|---|---|
| Integers | Operate with signs; number line reasoning | Sign slips in subtraction; ignoring brackets |
| Fractions & Decimals | Equivalent forms; operations; word problems | LCM/LCD mistakes; place value errors |
| Simple Equations | Transposition; balance method | Changing sign incorrectly; skipping check |
| Triangles & Congruence | SAS, ASA, SSS criteria; reasoning | Confusing congruence with similarity |
| Perimeter & Area | Apply formula to composites | Wrong units; partial perimeter in figures |
| Algebraic Expressions | Add/subtract like terms; simple identities | Combining unlike terms; sign distribution |
Read the left column as your “chapter trigger.” For instance, when a word problem talks about “gain/loss” or “below zero,” your brain should immediately switch to integer sign rules and the number line.
- In Fractions & Decimals, convert to a convenient form first (fraction ↔ decimal) before operating.
- For Simple Equations, keep equality balanced: what you do on one side, do on the other. Always add a concluding statement:
“Hence, \(x=7\) satisfies the equation.” Examiners award neat closure.
Maintain a personal formula bank. For example: rectangle area \(A=\ell imes b\), triangle area \(A= \frac{1}{2}bh\), and for a circle (preview for higher classes) \(C=2pi r\). In algebra, emphasise distributive property \(a(b+c)=ab+ac\) and like-term addition. When stuck, estimate first to see if your exact answer is sensible.
NCERT Class 7 Science – Themes, Experiments & Reasoning
From Observation to Inference (Teacher’s Pattern)
| Theme | Representative Chapters | What To Write In Answers |
|---|---|---|
| Life Processes | Nutrition in Plants/Animals, Respiration, Transportation | Definitions + labelled diagram + process steps + one inference |
| Materials | Acids, Bases & Salts; Physical & Chemical Changes; Heat | Observation table → property → daily-life link |
| Motion & Electricity | Winds, Storms & Cyclones; Electric Current & Its Effects | Cause–effect chain; circuit symbols; safety note |
In Life Processes, always pair text with a neat diagram (leaf section for nutrition, respiratory system for animals). Write processes in small steps and end with an inference: “Thus, stomata regulate gas exchange.” For Materials, use property language correctly—acidic/basic indicators, reversible/irreversible changes, conductors/insulators. In Motion & Electricity, show sequence: cause → effect → precaution. Example: “Low pressure forms over warm regions → winds blow towards it → strong pressure difference causes storms → precaution: secure rooftops, switch off mains.”
When you meet quantities, write the relation even if not asked. For heat problems, note that temperature change relates to heat absorbed; for rate ideas, write a friendly relation like \(ext{Speed}= \frac{ ext{Distance}}{ ext{Time}}\). This habit trains you for data-based questions in higher classes.
NCERT Class 7 Social Science – History, Civics & Geography
Structure Your Answers: Definition → Example → Impact
| Branch | Focus | Answer Style |
|---|---|---|
| History | Medieval polities, regional kingdoms, culture | Timeline + key terms + cause–effect |
| Civics | Democracy, state government, media, equality | Definition + example + everyday implication |
| Geography | Environment, air, water, human–environment interaction | Diagram/map mention + process steps + outcome |
For History, mark dates and reigns cleanly and connect events to outcomes (administrative changes, cultural shifts). Civics questions often ask “Why is this important?”—answer with a small example from public services, rights, or media. In Geography, processes like water cycle should be written in sequence. Even a small reference to a map or diagram improves clarity.
Keep definitions crisp and in your own words, then give one strong example. End with the impact or significance in one line—this closure earns quick points and proves understanding.
NCERT Class 7 English – Literature, Grammar & Writing
Evidence-based Answers & Format-Perfect Writing
| Area | What To Do | Common Slip |
|---|---|---|
| Literature (Prose/Poetry) | Answer directly → cite a phrase → explain effect | Retelling the story instead of analysing |
| Grammar | Check determiners, prepositions, tense, S–V agreement | Changing tense mid-answer; missing articles |
| Writing (Notice/Message/Letter) | Follow format; short sentences; formal tone | Informal language; skipping subject line |
In literature answers, a single well-chosen phrase from the text can anchor your explanation. Write: point (1 line) → quote (few words) → explanation (2–3 lines) → concluding link. For poetry, identify one device (like metaphor/alliteration) and say how it shapes tone or meaning. Grammar gains come from consistency—read your sentences aloud to catch agreement slips.
Writing tasks are scoring if formats are respected. Keep notice/message short and purposeful. In letters, use a three-paragraph body: purpose, details, and polite closing. Avoid long, wandering sentences; aim for clarity.
7-Day Study Plan & Daily Targets
Rotate Subjects, Mix Skills, Track Progress
| Day | Focus Area | Target Task |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maths – Integers & Fractions | 10 operations; 2 word problems; stepwise checks |
| 2 | Science – Nutrition & Heat | 1 diagram + 1 experiment write-up (Aim→Procedure→Inference) |
| 3 | SST – History (Timeline) & Civics (Definition→Example) | 1 timeline; 4 short Q/As using cause–effect |
| 4 | English – Literature + Grammar | 2 para answers with evidence; 20 editing items |
| 5 | Maths – Simple Equations & Area/Perimeter | 5 equations; 3 composite area problems |
| 6 | Science – Acids/Bases & Electricity | Indicator table; 1 circuit diagram with symbols |
| 7 | Mixed Revision | 10 mixed questions; self-check with a marking checklist |
This cycle balances calculation, explanation, and writing. Keep a small progress log: date, topic, completed tasks, one difficulty, one fix. For numericals, estimate first to catch unrealistic answers. For theory, underline keywords. For diagrams, label left to right and add a one-line function below.
Before every test, revise formulae and definitions in a single sitting. For Maths, maintain a quick-reference list: \(a(b+c)=ab+ac\), \(ext{Perimeter}_{ ext{rectangle}}=2(\ell+b)\), \(ext{Area}_{ ext{triangle}}= \frac{1}{2}bh\). For Science, remember balanced idea statements like “Acids turn blue litmus red; bases turn red litmus blue.”