NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi give you clear, exam-focused answers for all four prescribed books—Kshitij II, Kritika II, Sparsh II, and Sanchayan II. Written in simple, standard Hindi, these solutions help you decode tough paragraphs, understand poetic devices, and frame value-based long answers that match the CBSE marking scheme.
We will guide you how to read a chapter, what to highlight, how to extract meanings, and how to write step-by-step, point-wise solutions. When you learn to quote lines, explain context, and conclude with the core message, your answers become concise, high-scoring, and teacher-friendly.
This page lays out book-wise chapter maps, grammar and writing modules, and a study routine. Each section includes a compact table and a detailed explanation so you can move from basics to advanced presentation. Follow the sequence, keep a small notebook for मुख्य शब्दावली (key vocabulary), and revise daily using short bursts of 20–25 minutes for best results.
Table of Contents
Class 10 Hindi NCERT Books Overview (Kshitij, Kritika, Sparsh, Sanchayan)
Theme, question-types, and skills each book builds
| Book | Nature of Texts | What You Learn | Common Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kshitij II | Prose + Poetry (आधुनिक/क्लासिक) | Theme analysis, poetic devices, critical appreciation | गद्य/पद्य व्याख्या, सन्दर्भ-व्याख्या, लघु/दीर्घ उत्तरों |
| Kritika II | Short literary pieces (गंभीर/विनोदी) | Character sketch, tone, inference-based interpretation | रचनात्मक उत्तर, चरित्र-चित्रण, मूल्य-आधारित प्रश्न |
| Sparsh II | Main Reader (Prose & Poems) | Close reading, vocabulary, contextual meaning | अर्थ-स्पष्टीकरण, काव्यालंकार/छंद, अनुच्छेद-आधारित प्रश्न |
| Sanchayan II | Supplementary narratives | Plot, theme, values (समाज/मानवता) | दीर्घ उत्तरों में दृष्टांत/संदर्भ के साथ विश्लेषण |
Class 10 Hindi comprises four complementary books that build layered language competence.
- Kshitij II mixes prose and poetry to improve literary reading and stylistic appreciation—students practice identifying काव्यालंकार (poetic devices), tone, and message. Kritika II encourages deeper interpretation through compact, intense narratives where you extract subtext, satire, or irony.
- Sparsh II is your main reader for structured comprehension and vocabulary; consistent annotation improves accuracy in word meanings and short answers.
- Sanchayan II develops your ability to write reflective long answers with examples from the text. Across all books, train yourself to quote lines, paraphrase in your own words, and conclude with the author’s intent.
During preparation, maintain a two-column notebook: left for quotations or difficult words, right for meanings, devices, and thematic notes. This system ensures fast revision before tests.
Kshitij & Sparsh: Prose–Poetry Learning Outcomes
Chapter mapping with focus on skills and exam-use
| Book | Unit | Focus Areas | Answering Skill |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kshitij II | Prose | Theme, tone, incidents, values | Point-wise, text-reference, balanced conclusion |
| Kshitij II | Poetry | काव्यालंकार, छंद, भाव, संदेश | Context–explanation–critical note format |
| Sparsh II | Prose | Contextual meanings, paragraph sense | Key-term highlighting, crisp reasoning |
| Sparsh II | Poetry | Imagery, sound pattern, emotional arc | Quote → explain → infer device/message |
In Kshitij and Sparsh, the exam expects clarity plus textual grounding. For prose, begin answers with a one-line context, then present 3–4 crisp points supported by incidents or quotes, and close with the central message.
For poetry, master a clean three-step flow: संदर्भ (context), व्याख्या (explanation), and a short critical note identifying काव्यालंकार or theme. Keep a running list of devices (उपमा, रूपक, अनुप्रास, मानवीकरण) and be able to spot them quickly. When meanings are asked, give the simplest standard synonym first, then add nuance if needed.
Practise reading aloud—rhythm helps you catch imagery and sound play. Mark tough lines, paraphrase them in your notebook, and revisit them the night before the test. This disciplined method improves both speed and depth, turning subjective literature answers into organized, high-value responses.
Kritika & Sanchayan: Supplementary Reader Skills
Character, theme, and value-based writing
| Book | Core Emphasis | Typical Tasks | How to Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kritika II | Sharp themes, irony, satire | Character sketch, theme explanation | Quote key lines; write balanced judgement |
| Sanchayan II | Human values, society, relationships | Long answers with examples | Structure: intro → points → conclusion |
Kritika and Sanchayan demand inference and value-based writing. Read a story twice: first for plot, second for tone and message. For character sketches, choose 3–4 traits (e.g., संवेदनशील, दृढ़, स्वार्थी) and support each with a textual instance—this elevates your answer from generic to authoritative. In value-based questions, connect the author’s point to real-life examples but keep the text at the center.
Start long answers with a one-line thesis (कथा का मूल संदेश), then present bullet-like paragraphs with evidence, and finish with a precise conclusion that restates the theme. Examiners reward coherence, relevant examples, and compact language. If you tend to overwrite, set a target of 6–7 crisp sentences for short answers and 10–12 for long answers, maintaining clean handwriting and spacing for readability.
Hindi Grammar & Writing Skills (व्याकरण और लेखन)
High-frequency grammar areas and scoring formats
| Grammar Topic | Key Focus | Example/Rule | Writing Skill Formats |
|---|---|---|---|
| समास | द्वंद्व, तत्पुरुष, कर्मधारय, बहुव्रीहि | विग्रह पहचानें; अर्थ न बदले | पत्र, अनुच्छेद, विज्ञापन, सूचना, संवाद, भाषण, लेख |
| संधि | स्वर/व्यंजन/विसर्ग संधि | यथानियम विभाजन—शुद्ध वर्तनी | |
| अनेक शब्दों के लिए एक शब्द | शब्द-भंडार निर्माण | योग्य पर्याय/विलोम | |
| मुहावरे/लोकोक्तियाँ | उचित प्रसंग में प्रयोग | वाक्य-निर्माण करें, रटना नहीं |
- Grammar plus writing can be a score booster when prepared methodically. For समास, first do the विग्रह (expansion) and check if the sense remains intact—this ensures correct identification. In संधि, revise the rule-set and practice 10-minute drills to build reflexes. Create a small notebook for पर्यायवाची/विलोम and add 5–6 words daily.
- For मुहावरे, never memorize in isolation—always write a model sentence so usage sticks. In writing tasks, formats matter: organise पत्र with proper address/date/salutation, keep सूचना short and headline-like, and structure भाषण as opening–points–appeal. Maintain word limits and clarity. A helpful formula for time allocation is: reading \(\approx \frac{1}{3}\) time, drafting \(\approx \frac{1}{3}\), and final editing \(\approx \frac{1}{3}\) of the section’s allotted minutes—simple but powerful for exam control.
Exam Strategy, Marking Focus & Weekly Study Plan
How to present answers, manage time, and revise smartly
| Area | Action Plan | Why It Works | Quick Metric |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reading | Daily 15–20 min focused reading; annotate key lines | Improves recall & reference-based writing | 2–3 quotes per chapter in notes |
| Answering | Context → points with evidence → concluding line | Matches CBSE marking style | 3–4 points in short; 8–10 in long |
| Time | Sectional blocks with buffer of 5–7 min | Prevents last-minute rush | Average minutes/Q = \(\frac{ ext{समय}}{ ext{प्रश्न}}\) |
| Revision | Fri: grammar drills; Sun: full mock | Balances accuracy & endurance | Target ≥ 90% attempt rate |