NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics
NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics are the main textbooks prescribed by CBSE for board exams and exams like JEE Main, NEET and other engineering/medical entrances. On this page, you can directly download the latest Physics Part-I & Part-II, Hindi medium Bhautiki and Urdu medium Tabiyaat books in official NCERT ZIP and chapter-wise PDF format.
As a teacher, I have seen that those who take NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics seriously — reading theory, solving in-text examples and doing every exercise — develop strong concepts in electricity, magnetism, optics, modern physics and electronics. Use this page as your single hub to access Class 12 Physics books in all three languages, plan topic-wise study and align your preparation with CBSE exam patterns.
About NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-I (English Medium)
You can download the individual chapters in the NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-I using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This volume focuses on electricity, magnetism and electromagnetic induction, which together form almost half of the board paper weightage.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Introduces the aims and structure of Class 12 Physics Part-I, highlights the importance of conceptual understanding and explains How To use examples, exercises and activities in the NCERT book effectively. |
| Chapter 1 – ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Covers basic properties of electric charge, Coulomb’s law, superposition principle and electric field due to point charges, giving the foundation For All electrostatics problems in Class 12. |
| Chapter 2 – ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE Download Chapter 2 PDF | Introduces electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces and capacitance, along with energy stored in a capacitor, all of which are frequently asked in numerical and conceptual questions. |
| Chapter 3 – CURRENT ELECTRICITY Download Chapter 3 PDF | Explains electric current, drift velocity, Ohm’s law, resistivity, combination of resistors, Kirchhoff’s laws and meter bridge, forming the base for circuit-based numericals and experiments. |
| Chapter 4 – MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM Download Chapter 4 PDF | Discusses magnetic force on moving charges, motion of charges in magnetic fields, Biot-Savart law and Ampere’s law, including magnetic field due to current-carrying wires and solenoids. |
| Chapter 5 – MAGNETISM AND MATTER Download Chapter 5 PDF | Covers bar magnets, Earth’s magnetism, magnetic properties of materials and magnetisation, helping you relate theory with daily-life magnetic phenomena. |
| Chapter 6 – ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Download Chapter 6 PDF | Introduces Faraday’s laws, Lenz’s law and induced EMF, along with practical situations such as generators and eddy currents, which are important for both theory and numericals. |
| Chapter 7 – ALTERNATING CURRENT Download Chapter 7 PDF | Explains AC circuits containing resistors, inductors and capacitors, phasor diagrams, resonance and power factor, and introduces transformers and power transmission basics. |
| Chapter 8 – ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Download Chapter 8 PDF | Describes Maxwell’s equations qualitatively, the nature of electromagnetic waves and their spectrum, linking Class 12 Physics theory with communication technology and daily-life applications. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Physics Part-I Book.
About NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-II (English Medium)
You can download the individual chapters in the NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-II using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This volume covers optics, modern physics and electronics, which together form a high-scoring segment of the CBSE Physics paper.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Gives an overview of the Part-II topics and explains how they connect with Part-I concepts to complete the Class 12 Physics curriculum. |
| Chapter 1 – Ray Optics And Optical INSTRUMENTS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Discusses reflection, refraction, lenses, mirrors, prisms and optical instruments like microscopes and telescopes with ray diagrams and numerical problems. |
| Chapter 2 – WAVE OPTICS Download Chapter 2 PDF | Covers interference, diffraction and polarisation of light, explaining Young’s double-slit experiment and related patterns used in many board exam questions. |
| Chapter 3 – DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER Download Chapter 3 PDF | Introduces photoelectric effect, de Broglie wavelength and wave-particle duality, bridging classical and quantum physics ideas. |
| Chapter 4 – ATOMS Download Chapter 4 PDF | Describes atomic models from Thomson to Bohr and explains line spectra, energy levels and transitions in the hydrogen atom. |
| Chapter 5 – NUCLEI Download Chapter 5 PDF | Deals with nuclear composition, mass defect, binding energy, radioactivity and nuclear energy, along with simple numerical problems. |
| Chapter 6 – SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES AND SIMPLE CIRCUITS Download Chapter 6 PDF | Explains semiconductors, p-n junctions, diodes, rectifiers and basic logic gates, forming the core of electronics questions in the board exam. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Physics Part-II Book.
About Bhautiki-I Book (Hindi Medium NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics)
You can download the individual chapters in the Bhautiki-I book using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This is the Hindi medium version of NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-I, following the same CBSE syllabus.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Explains the objectives of the Hindi medium Bhautiki course and guides learners on How To use the NCERT book for board exam preparation. |
| Chapter 1 – ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Covers electric charge, Coulomb’s law and electric field concepts using Hindi explanations and numerical examples. |
| Chapter 2 – ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE Download Chapter 2 PDF | Introduces electric potential, equipotential surfaces and capacitors, similar in content to the English medium Physics Part-I. |
| Chapter 3 – CURRENT ELECTRICITY Download Chapter 3 PDF | Deals with electric current, Ohm’s law, resistors in series and parallel and Kirchhoff’s rules explained in Hindi. |
| Chapter 4 – MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM Download Chapter 4 PDF | Describes motion of charges in magnetic fields, Biot-Savart law and Ampere’s law with Hindi terminology. |
| Chapter 5 – MAGNETISM AND MATTER Download Chapter 5 PDF | Covers bar magnets, Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic properties of materials using simple Hindi explanations. |
| Chapter 6 – ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Download Chapter 6 PDF | Explains Faraday’s laws, Lenz’s law and induced EMF with everyday examples. |
| Chapter 7 – ALTERNATING CURRENT Download Chapter 7 PDF | Discusses AC circuits, impedance, resonance and transformers in Hindi medium. |
| Chapter 8 – ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Download Chapter 8 PDF | Describes electromagnetic waves, their properties and spectrum with clear Hindi explanations. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Bhautiki-I Book.
About Bhautiki-II Book (Hindi Medium NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics)
You can download the individual chapters in the Bhautiki-II book using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This book mirrors Physics Part-II content in Hindi.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Provides an overview of optics, modern physics and electronics units in Hindi, and how they complete the Class 12 Physics syllabus. |
| Chapter 1 – Ray Optics And Optical INSTRUMENTS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Covers reflection, refraction, lens and mirror formulae and optical instruments using ray diagrams in Hindi. |
| Chapter 2 – WAVE OPTICS Download Chapter 2 PDF | Explains interference, diffraction and polarisation of light in simple Hindi language. |
| Chapter 3 – DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER Download Chapter 3 PDF | Describes photoelectric effect and wave-particle duality with numerical examples. |
| Chapter 4 – ATOMS Download Chapter 4 PDF | Deals with atomic models and hydrogen spectrum in Hindi. |
| Chapter 5 – NUCLEI Download Chapter 5 PDF | Covers nuclear composition, radioactivity and nuclear energy concepts. |
| Chapter 6 – SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES AND SIMPLE CIRCUITS Download Chapter 6 PDF | Introduces semiconductors, diodes and basic logic gates for board-level electronics questions. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Bhautiki-II Book.
About Tabiyaat-I Book (Urdu Medium NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics)
You can download the individual chapters in the Tabiyaat-I book using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This is the Urdu medium version of NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics Part-I.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Introduces the Urdu medium Physics course layout and guides learners on How To use the book for conceptual clarity and exam preparation. |
| Chapter 1 – ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Explains electric charge, Coulomb’s law and electric fields with Urdu explanations and solved examples. |
| Chapter 2 – ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE Download Chapter 2 PDF | Deals with electric potential, potential energy and capacitors, similar to the English NCERT Physics Part-I. |
| Chapter 3 – CURRENT ELECTRICITY Download Chapter 3 PDF | Covers current, resistance, Ohm’s law, series-parallel circuits and Kirchhoff’s rules in Urdu. |
| Chapter 4 – MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM Download Chapter 4 PDF | Discusses motion of charges in magnetic fields, Biot-Savart law and Ampere’s law with Urdu terminology. |
| Chapter 5 – MAGNETISM AND MATTER Download Chapter 5 PDF | Explains bar magnets, Earth’s magnetism and magnetic materials. |
| Chapter 6 – ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Download Chapter 6 PDF | Introduces electromagnetic induction, Faraday’s laws and Lenz’s law. |
| Chapter 7 – ALTERNATING CURRENT Download Chapter 7 PDF | Covers AC circuits with resistors, inductors and capacitors and explains resonance. |
| Chapter 8 – ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Download Chapter 8 PDF | Describes electromagnetic waves and their spectrum in Urdu. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Tabiyaat-I Book.
About Tabiyaat-II Book (Urdu Medium NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics)
You can download the individual chapters in the Tabiyaat-II book using the download buttons present under the chapter names in the following table. This book parallels Physics Part-II content in Urdu.
| Chapter | Description |
|---|---|
| Preface Section Download PDF | Provides an Introduction To optics, modern physics and electronics topics in Urdu, and suggests how to revise them for the Class 12 board exam. |
| Chapter 1 – Ray Optics And Optical INSTRUMENTS Download Chapter 1 PDF | Explains Ray Optics, mirrors, lenses and optical instruments with Urdu diagrams and examples. |
| Chapter 2 – WAVE OPTICS Download Chapter 2 PDF | Covers interference and diffraction phenomena using wave nature of light. |
| Chapter 3 – DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER Download Chapter 3 PDF | Discusses photoelectric effect, de Broglie wavelength and dual nature of radiation and matter. |
| Chapter 4 – ATOMS Download Chapter 4 PDF | Explains atomic models and energy levels in Urdu. |
| Chapter 5 – NUCLEI Download Chapter 5 PDF | Covers nuclear structure, radioactivity and energy release in nuclear processes. |
| Chapter 6 – SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS: MATERIALS, DEVICES AND SIMPLE CIRCUITS Download Chapter 6 PDF | Introduces semiconductor materials, diodes, rectifiers and basic logic gates with Urdu explanations. |
For more details, visit Class 12 Tabiyaat-II Book.
How to Study with NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics
In Class 12, Physics often feels tough not because the NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics are difficult, but because many learners try to memorise derivations without understanding. Start each chapter by reading the NCERT theory slowly, then link every formula with the physical situation shown in the diagrams. Only after this, attempt the in-text examples and then the exercise questions.
Follow the sequence given in NCERT: first complete electricity and magnetism (Part-I), then move to optics and modern physics (Part-II). Maintain a short notebook of formulas, standard derivation points and common mistakes. For numerical practice, keep revising NCERT examples and use NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics and sample papers as additional support, not as a replacement for the original NCERT textbook.
Important Questions from NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics
Based on past CBSE exam papers and classroom tests, here are some important question types from NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics that you should not skip:
- Derive the expression for electric field due to an infinitely long straight uniformly charged wire and discuss its dependence on distance.
- Obtain the relation between charge, potential difference and capacitance for a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium.
- Using Kirchhoff’s rules, derive the formula for the Wheatstone bridge and explain the condition for its balance.
- Derive the expression for force between two parallel current-carrying conductors and use it to define the ampere.
- Explain the working principle of a transformer and discuss why it cannot be used with direct current.
- Derive the lens maker’s formula and explain how focal length depends on refractive index and radii of curvature.
- Using Young’s double-slit experiment, derive the expression for fringe width in an interference pattern.
- Explain the experimental setup and observations of the photoelectric effect, and discuss how they support the particle nature of light.
- Derive an expression for the radius of the nth orbit in Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom.
- Explain the VI characteristics of a p-n junction diode and draw the circuit diagram for a full-wave rectifier.
MCQs from NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics
- Which of the following quantities has the same unit as electric flux?
a) Electric field
b) Electric potential
c) Charge density
d) Work per unit charge
Answer: a) Electric field (in appropriate combination with area gives flux) - The SI unit of capacitance is:
a) Volt
b) Coulomb
c) Farad
d) Ohm
Answer: c) Farad - In a circuit, which component causes a phase lag of current with respect to voltage?
a) Pure resistor
b) Pure inductor
c) Pure capacitor
d) Combination of R and L
Answer: b) Pure inductor - The phenomenon responsible for the transmission of light through an optical fibre is:
a) Refraction
b) Total internal reflection
c) Diffraction
d) Interference
Answer: b) Total internal reflection - The de Broglie wavelength associated with a particle is inversely proportional to its:
a) Charge
b) Momentum
c) Energy
d) Mass squared
Answer: b) Momentum - Which of the following is a charge carrier in an n-type semiconductor?
a) Holes (majority)
b) Electrons (majority)
c) Both equal
d) Neither electrons nor holes
Answer: b) Electrons (majority) - In a nuclear reaction, the quantity that must always be conserved is:
a) Mass alone
b) Charge alone
c) Mass number and atomic number
d) Kinetic energy alone
Answer: c) Mass number and atomic number
Summary – NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics
NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics (Physics Part-I & II, Bhautiki and Tabiyaat) together provide a complete, concept-based and exam-oriented coverage of the CBSE Physics syllabus. From electrostatics and current electricity to magnetism, electromagnetic induction, optics, dual nature, atoms, nuclei and semiconductors, every chapter is supported with clear theory, illustrations, examples and exercises.
If you study consistently from NCERT Class 12 Physics, make proper notes, solve all exercise questions and revise using sample papers, you can comfortably target a high score in the board exam and build a strong base for JEE, NEET and other Competitive Exams. Use this page to download free PDFs of all NCERT Books for Class 12 Physics and complement them with NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics and other Class 12 resources available on ncertbooks.net.