NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of Information Technology (FIT) — Chapter-wise Guide

This /ncert page consolidates NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of Information Technology (FIT) in a clear, exam-ready format aligned with the latest CBSE syllabus and official NCERT textbooks. Each chapter outline below is designed like a teacher’s roadmap—concise concepts, practical steps, and pointers that help you write precise answers in board exams and school assessments. Use these sections with your lab work, practice sets, sample papers, and—where applicable—NCERT exemplar solutions to build accuracy and speed for real-world exam preparation.

You’ll also find gentle emphasis on why each idea matters: from safe & responsible use of technology (digital citizenship) to hands-on skills in HTML, tables, and media, to the logic of records and queries in databases. Although FIT is a technology subject, it reinforces thinking habits that lift performance in science and maths too—clean steps, definitions, and higher order thinking skill (HOTS) questions. When needed, download NCERT book for class 10 FIT from trusted sources to cross-verify topics and exercise numbering. Everything here aims to be authentic, student-friendly, and aligned to the ethos of the National Council of Educational Research and Training.

S.No.	Class 10 FIT — Chapters
1	Internet Basics
2	Internet Services
3	Database Concepts
4	Microsoft Access
5	HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
6	Inserting Images & Links in HTML
7	Working with Tables in HTML
8	Introduction to XML
9	Societal Impacts of IT

Internet Basics

Covers the evolution of the internet, TCP/IP, web vs. internet, URLs, domain names, and protocols (HTTP/HTTPS/FTP). Focus on definitions and differences (e.g., website vs. webpage, browser vs. search engine). In answers, cite two or three crisp points, diagram a layered view (user → browser → DNS → server) if space allows, and end with a one-line implication (security or speed) to align with board exams marking style. Map each subtopic to the CBSE syllabus index in your NCERT textbooks.

• Key terms: ISP, bandwidth, latency, client–server architecture.
• HOTS idea: How DNS resolution works and why caching improves performance.
• Practice: Label a URL and explain each component—common 2–3 marker in exam preparation.

Internet Services

Email (SMTP/POP3/IMAP), chatting, VoIP, cloud storage, e-learning, e-commerce, e-governance, and cyber safety. Write steps for creating strong passwords, enabling 2FA, and identifying phishing. For higher order thinking skill questions, compare on-prem vs. cloud or synchronous vs. asynchronous communication. Link real-life uses to school workflows—sharing assignments, collaborating on docs—so answers feel authentic and score well in board exams.

• Diagram tip: Flow of sending/receiving an email with protocol labels.
• Ethics & safety: Digital footprint, cyberbullying, reporting mechanisms.
• Use sample papers to practise scenario-based MCQs.

Database Concepts

Introduces data vs. information, DBMS advantages, tables, records, fields, keys (primary/foreign), and data types. Use small, relatable examples (student table) and show how unique identifiers prevent duplication—exactly the kind of clarity CBSE examiners reward. Align terminology with NCERT textbooks wording and practise 2–3 short definitions daily during exam preparation.

• Write one line each for redundancy, consistency, integrity, concurrency.
• HOTS: Why normalization helps; give a one-table to two-table split example.
• Cross-reference with NCERT exemplar solutions if provided by your school.

Microsoft Access

Practical DBMS: creating a database, designing tables, setting data types and primary keys, and running simple queries/sorts/filters. When the question says “write steps,” keep bullets compact: Create > Table Design > Fields & Data Types > Set Primary Key > Save. Add one line on why a field’s data type matters (validation, storage) to meet board exams descriptors. Tie tasks to the CBSE syllabus learning outcomes listed in your FIT chapter.

• Forms & reports: Purpose and one example use case each.
• Query types: Select vs. parameter queries (give a short life-like example).
• Troubleshooting: Common errors when importing CSV (data type mismatches).

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

Structure of an HTML document (<!DOCTYPE>, <html>, <head>, <title>, <body>), block vs. inline elements, headings, paragraphs, lists, and basic formatting. In answers, show minimal, valid snippets—examiners prefer correctness over length. Tag purposes should match the language used in NCERT textbooks to avoid ambiguity. Practise 2–3 tiny pages and validate tags; this habit improves performance in practicals and theory.

• Example prompt: Write HTML to display a heading and an ordered list of three items.
• HOTS: Explain semantic vs. non-semantic tags and why semantics help accessibility.
• Use sample papers to time yourself for code-writing questions.

Inserting Images & Links in HTML

Syntax for <img> with src, alt, width/height, and <a> with href, target, and relative vs. absolute paths. In theory answers, include one valid self-contained snippet and a one-line usability note (e.g., “alt supports accessibility and SEO”). This detail reflects higher order thinking skill and scores better in board exams.

• Snippet tip: Show an internal link (href="#top") and an external link with target="_blank".
• Image paths: Explain difference between images in same folder vs. subfolder.
• Quality note: Keep file names lowercase, hyphenated; avoid spaces.

Working with Tables in HTML

Table structure with <table>, <tr>, <th>, <td>, attributes like colspan/rowspan, and simple styling via attributes (as per syllabus) or minimal CSS if allowed. In answers, draw a quick cell map before writing code to avoid mistakes. Keep examples small but accurate—this is a frequent practical/theory crossover in CBSE papers.

• Practice: Make a 3×3 timetable; merge the top row for a centered heading using colspan.
• HOTS: When would you prefer list vs. table for data representation?
• Cross-verify tags with the NCERT textbooks examples to ensure consistency.

Introduction to XML

Purpose of XML (data representation and transport), well-formed vs. valid documents, custom tags, and basic tree structure. Link XML benefits to interoperability between systems (e.g., exporting student records from one app to another). In a 3–5 marker, define XML, show a 5–6 line sample, and state two advantages (platform-neutral, human-readable). Such framing aligns with board exams expectations and helps during exam preparation.

• Well-formed rules: Single root, proper nesting, case-sensitive tags, quoted attributes.
• Contrast with HTML: Data vs. presentation; score easy marks by stating purpose clearly.
• HOTS: Why schemas/DTDs help in large systems?

Societal Impacts of IT

Responsible use of technology, data privacy, cyber ethics, plagiarism, digital divide, and environmental concerns (e-waste). Bring answers alive with brief, real-world examples and one mitigation step (e.g., secure disposal of devices). This chapter often includes reasoning-type items—great for demonstrating higher order thinking skill. Keep language authentic and aligned to the National Council of Educational Research and Training approach found in the NCERT textbooks.

• Key pointers: Copyright vs. fair use; consent and data sharing; cyber laws (intro level).
• Ethical stance: Digital citizenship guidelines for students and schools.
• Practice with sample papers for short caselets and MCQs.

Frequently Asked Questions – NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Foundation of Information Technology (FIT)